Key insights

• ⚛️ Cells are the smallest living units with common features: cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.
• 🔬 Eukaryotic cells are advanced and complex, with organelles like the nucleus.
• 🦠 Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms like bacteria.
• 🔗 Ribosomes synthesize proteins in the cell.
• 📦 The endoplasmic reticulum transports materials such as proteins in small vesicles.
• ⚙️ Golgi apparatus customizes proteins for cell use.
• 🔋 Mitochondria produce ATP for cell energy through cellular respiration.
• 🌬️ Cilia in the respiratory tract help trap inhaled particles.

Q&A

• Do both plant and animal cells have mitochondria?

  Yes, both plant and animal cells have mitochondria.

• What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Chloroplasts in plant cells are responsible for photosynthesis.

• What unique features and organelles do cells possess?

  Cells have unique features like cilia, flagella, and specific organelles. Additionally, eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles, while prokaryotic cells lack these structures.

• What is the purpose of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

  The cytoskeleton maintains the cell's shape and includes microfilaments and microtubules.

• How does cellular respiration occur in a cell?

  Mitochondria produce ATP for cell energy through cellular respiration.

• What are the functions of Golgi bodies, vacuoles, lysosomes, and mitochondria in a cell?

  Golgi apparatus customizes proteins, vacuoles store materials, lysosomes break down cellular waste, and mitochondria produce energy for the cell.

• What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?

  The endoplasmic reticulum transports materials such as proteins in small vesicles and comes in two types: rough ER with attached ribosomes and smooth ER without attached ribosomes.

• How do ribosomes function in a cell?

  Ribosomes synthesize proteins within the cell, floating freely in the cytoplasm or attaching to the endoplasmic reticulum.

• What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

  The nucleus serves as the control center of the cell, containing DNA and the nucleolus for ribosome production.

• What are examples of prokaryotic cells?

  Prokaryotic cells are exemplified by unicellular organisms like bacteria.

• Where are eukaryotic cells found?

  Eukaryotic cells are found in both plants and animals.

• What are the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Eukaryotic cells are advanced and complex, containing organelles like the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.

• What are the common features of cells?

  Cells share common features including a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.

• 00:08 Cells are the smallest living units of an organism and have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. There are two categories of cells: eukaryotic with organelles and prokaryotic without a nucleus or membrane-enclosed organelles.
• 01:09 Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms like bacteria. Organelles are specialized parts of a cell with unique functions. The nucleus is the control center, containing DNA and nucleolus for ribosome production.
• 02:19 The ribosomes synthesize proteins within the cell. Ribosomes can float freely in the cytoplasm or attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum transports proteins and other materials in small vesicles.
• 03:20 Cells use Golgi bodies to customize proteins, vacuoles to store materials, lysosomes to break down waste, and mitochondria as the powerhouse.
• 04:24 Cellular respiration in mitochondria produces ATP for energy. Cytoskeleton maintains cell shape and includes microfilaments and microtubules. Plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and cell walls for support.
• 05:48 Cells have various unique features like cilia, flagella, and specific organelles. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles, while prokaryotic cells lack these structures.